What term describes the posterior surface of the body, including the back of the hand?

The term that describes the posterior surface of the body, including the back of the hand, is "dorsal." In anatomical terminology, "dorsal" refers to the back side of the body or an organ. This includes the back, as well as the back surfaces of the hands and feet.

Understanding this term is crucial in the context of anatomy and physiology, as it provides clarity when describing locations or directions relative to the human body. For example, when medical professionals or anatomists use the term "dorsal," they are indicating the specific side of the body that they are referencing, which is essential for accurate communication regarding anatomy and injuries.

In contrast, other terms like "ventral" refer to the front side of the body, while "anterior" also indicates the front but is typically used in a more general sense for structures that are towards the front of the body. "Lateral" indicates a position away from the midline of the body, which relates to side positions rather than describing the back. Hence, "dorsal" is the most fitting term for describing the posterior surface.